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新たな地理的表示保護-理事会修正案
2022年12月01日、欧州理事会は、工芸品と工業製品の地理的表示(GI)保護に関する規則案について、欧州議会との交渉のための指令(「一般的アプローチ」)を採択したことを報じました。地理的表示とは、ボヘミアンガラス、リモージュ磁器、ゾーリンゲン製カトラリーなど、その品質が本質的に生産地と関連する特定の製品に知的財産権を設定するものとして説明されています。
理事会修正案の概要
■ 農産物のGI制度との整合性を確保するために、欧州委員会が当初提案した範囲を修正:工芸品と工業製品を定義し、現行法の適用範囲外の製品を対象とすることで、これを実現する。
■ 登録手続きを明確にし、典型的で伝統的な生産者の構造を考慮して、誰がGI保護を申請できるかについて、より明確な規定を定める。
■ GI保護と他の権利(特に商標)との公正なバランス、およびドメイン名に関する過度に負担の大きい規定の削除。
■ コンプライアンスの確認と、市場における地理的表示の使用を監視するための、より軽い管理システム。
■ 小規模または零細な職人的事業であることが多い工芸品や工業製品の生産者の競争力を育成する必要性を考慮した、バランスの取れた手数料制度。
欧州委員会案
概要
これまで、EUではワイン、蒸留酒、食品、その他の農産物を対象に、特定のGI保護規定を設けられていましたが、工芸品や工業製品については、現在、EU全域にわたるGI保護は存在しませんでした。
このような製品のGI保護は、職人や生産者、特に中小企業がEUの競争規則に則ってEUレベルで伝統的なノウハウを促進・保護することを支援し、工芸品への技術革新と投資の拡大につながるとしています。この規則案に関連して、EU知的財産庁(EUIPO)は、新しい保護制度の実施、特に工芸品および産業用GIの登録手続きにおいて重要な役割を果たすことになるとされています。
目次
TITLE I GENERAL PROVISIONS
Article 1 Subject matter
Article 2 Scope
Article 3 Definitions
Article 4 Data protection
Article 5 Requirements for a geographical indication
TITLE II REGISTRATION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS
Chapter 1 General Provisions
Article 6 Applicant
Article 7 Product specification
Article 8 Single document
Article 9 Documentation accompanying the application for registration
Article 10 Registration fees
Chapter 2 National stage of the registration
Article 11 Designation of competent authority and procedure for national application
Article 12 Examination by competent authorities
Article 13 National opposition procedure
Article 14 Decision on national application
Article 15 Direct registration
Article 16 Temporary national protection
Chapter 3 Union stage of the registration
SECTION 1 PROCEDURE AT THE UNION STAGE
Article 17 Union application
Article 18 Submission of the Union application
Article 19 Examination and publication for opposition
Article 20 National challenge to an application
Article 21 Opposition and comments procedure
Article 22 Admissibility and grounds for opposition
Article 23 Transitional period for the use of geographical indications
Article 24 Decisions by the Office on the application for registration
Article 25 Decision by the Commission
Article 26 The Union register of geographical indications for craft and industrial products
Article 27 Extracts from the Union register of geographical indications for craft and industrial products
Article 28 Amendments to a product specification
Article 29 Cancellation of the registration
Article 30 Appeal
Article 31 Establishment of a domain name information and alert system
SECTION 2 ORGANISATION AND TASKS OF THE OFFICE IN RELATION TO THE GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS
Article 32 Geographical Indications Division
Article 33 Geographical Indications Advisory Board
Article 34 Boards of Appeal
TITLE III PROTECTION OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS
Article 35 Protection of geographical indications
Article 36 Parts or components in manufactured products
Article 37 Generic terms
Article 38 Homonymous geographical indications
Article 39 Trade marks
Article 40 Producer groups
Article 41 Protection of geographical indication rights in domain names
Article 42 Conflicting trade marks
Article 43 Right to use
Article 44 Union symbol, indication, abbreviation
TITLE IV CONTROLS AND ENFORCEMENT
Article 45 Designation of competent authorities
Article 46 Verification of compliance with the product specifications
Article 47 Due diligence
Article 48 Controls and enforcement of geographical indications rights in the marketplace
Article 49 Self-declaration certification procedure
Article 50 Delegation by the competent authorities of official control tasks
Article 51 Obligations of the delegated product certification bodies and natural persons
Article 52 Obligations of the delegating competent authorities
Article 53 Public information on competent authorities and product certification bodies
Article 54 Accreditation of product certification bodies
Article 55 Orders to act against illegal content
Article 56 Penalties
Article 57 Mutual assistance and resources
Article 58 Certificates of authorisation to produce
TITLE V GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATIONS ENTERED IN THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTER AND AMENDMENTS TO OTHER ACTS
Article 59 Amendments to Council Decision (EU) 2019/1754
Article 60 Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2019/1753
Article 61 Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2017/1001
TITLE VI TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Article 62 Technical assistance of the Office
TITLE VII SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS
Article 63 Procedural languages
Article 64 IT system
Article 65 Committee procedure
Article 66 Exercise of the delegation
TITLE VIII TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS
Article 67 Transitional Geographical Indication protection
Article 68 Member States reporting obligation
Article 69 Review clause
Article 70 Entry into force
ANNEX 1 Self-declaration referred to Article 49
ANNEX 2 Single document referred to in Article 8
ANNEX 3 Reasoned statement of opposition referred to in
Article 22
参考